Apparatus for purifying water



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1-.

T. CRANEY. I APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING' WATER.

Patented Mar. 6, 1894 NO.v515', 819.

I (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. ORANEY.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING WATER.

'No. 515,819. I Patented Mar. 6, 1894.

nu: wmocuu. u mewmm awn.

. wuniwavou. u. a,

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

THOMAS CRANEY, OF BAY CITY,-MIOHIGAN.

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,819, dated March 6, 1894.

Application filed June 19, 1893. Serial 110.478,].86, (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LTHOMAS CRANEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bay City,in the county of Bay and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Purifying Water, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of an apparatus comprising a still for purifying the same by evaporation and condensation with means for carrying off the lighter deleterious gases and the aerating apparatus in which the water may be carbonated if desired.

The invention further consists in the peculiar construction of the various parts and in the peculiar construction, arrangement and combination of the various elements all as more fully hereinafter described.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section through the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a top plan view. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the apparatus and Fig.4 is an elevation thereof.

1 is a steam generator, 2 is the furnace chamber thereof. 3 is a steam pipe extending from the steam dome thereof and entering the chamber 4 at one end of the evaporator 5. This chamber communicates with the chamber 6 at the other end through lines 7 which terminate in suitable heads 8. Around these fines and within the headsis a chamher 9.

is a float valve controlling the exit pipe 11 from the chamber 6, which pipe connects into the top of the chamber 9, as plainly the chambers 4, 6 and the lines 7 The chamber 9 being filled on the start with water the steam will condense and lift the float 10 opening the valve 12, when the pressure in the steam chamber will force the water out through the exitpipe 11 and into the chamber 9 around the fines. From the chamberi) the water will be evaporated from the incoming steam, filling the fiues and will find exit in the pipe 13, which leads from the top of said chamber 9. The pipe 13 leads into aretort 14 of the furnace chamber 2 of the steam generator. Just before entering this retortI I connect into the steam pipe 13 an'air pipe 15 the mingled air and steam entering the retort together and being highly super-heated therein. Air is supplied to the air pipe by the air pump 16 having the discharge pipe 17, the main portion of which enters the retort 18 in the furnace, the air pipe being a branch therefrom. From the retort the super-heated air and steam passes through the pipe 19 to the condenser 20. section in Fig. 4 and consists of a casing with suitable condensing lines 21 furnished with flowing water in the usual manner, below which is the condensing chamber 22 and above which is a gas chamber 23, preferably terminating in a conical top 24. The pipe 19 enters this gas chamber and discharges into a drum 3e provided with a great number of side perforations, so that all the jet efiect of the steam is lost and it is distributed evenly through the gas chamber 23. The steam and Water being highly superheated at this point, the air and the lighter gases such as ammonia,

&c., with which the Water may originally have been charged will rise while the aqueous vapors being heavier will fall and be condensed in the condenser 21.

The gas chamber is provided at the top with a restrictedaperture or preferably with the pressure relief valve which allows the hot water and gases to escape therefrom. Up to this point it will be perceived that the water by distillation has been purified from the solid matter and in the condenser has been purified from its gaseous impurities. I preferably use an apparatus in which the heated air is mingled with the steam as described, but I have found by super-heating thesteam to a high degree and bringing it into the gas chamber as described without the use of This condenser is shown in the air that the ammoniacal gases and other lighter gases will be separated thereform'and find exit through the valve without the employment of the air. The water thus purified will accumulate in the chamber 22 of the condenser and in order to be fitfor drinking must bethoroughly aerated and if desired may be carbonated. To aerate it and to make sure thatthe air which is used is perfectly freefrom germs I take the air from the retort 18 through the pipe 36 and which in the retort is thoroughlysterilized. This air I preferably cool in the cooling tank 27 by passing it in a coil 28 through water therein, the water being led through the pipe 29 to the boiler. I thus not only cool down the air but also heat the feed water for the boiler.

30 is a pump having its suction 31 connected with the chamber 22 and its discharge 32 entering the tank 33. J ustbefore entering the tank I connect the air pipe 36 into the discharge pipe 32, so that the air is mingled with the water discharged from the pump. The discharge pipe 32 terminates in the nozzle 35 in an inner aerating chamber 36 arranged within the tank 33. This chamber has ;a closed top and sides and has its outlet 37 at the bottom, preferablya restricted outlet. The nozzle 35 discharges upwardly and mingled air and Water will be thrown in a fine spray therein and the water will be thoroughly aerated. As the spray condenses into fluid and falls to the bottom of the tank 33, the air passesthrough the fluid in the tank to the top thereof.

38 is a perforated screen near the bottom of the tank 33, which serves to divide the air into small globules or bubbles to more perfectly aerate the water. v

39is the overflow pipe from the tank 33.

40 is a pressure relief valve on the top of the tank .33 and which I preferably connect by means of the pipe 41 with the suction ofthe pump 16, so that I may use over the pnrified air, which escapes through the water. If it is desired to carbonate the water carbonic acid gas maybe taken from a suitable tank 42 in a pipe 43 and discharged into the aerating chamber 36.

By aerating and carbonating the water in I a Spray under pressure I get the best possible effect and when the water passes out through the overflow 39 if the aeration alone is effected I obtain even from the foulest swamp water a satisfactory and palatable to make that the subject matter of another application.

What I claim as my invention isl. The combination with a steam generator, of an evaporator or still having a water chamber, a steam chamber within the water chamber, a connection from the steam space of the generator to the steamchamher of the evaporator, a connection from the bottom of the steam chamber of the evaporator to the water chamber thereof an exit from the top of the water chamber, a superheater for the exit and a condenser substantially as described.

2. The combination with a steam generator, an evaporator or still having a steam and water chamber, a connection from the generator to'the steam chamber of the evaporator, and from the bottom of the steam chamber to the water chamber thereof, an exit pipe from the evaporator, an air pipe connecting with the exit pipe, a superheater or retort in the fur nace of the generator into which theexit .pi pe connects, a condenser having a gas chamber at the top, a connection from the superheater to the gas chamber, and anair and gas relief at the top of the gas chamber, substantially as described.

3. In a device of the kind described, the

combination of a still or evaporator, a steam supply pipe therefrom, and air pipe connecting thereto, a superheating retort a condenser having a gas chamber at the top into which the supply pipe discharges and a pressure-relief port at the top of the gas chamber, substantially as described.

4. In a device 'of the kind described, the combination of a still or evaporator, a steam supply pipe leading therefrom, an airpipe connecting into the pipe, a superheating retort into which the pipe leads, a condenser-,a gas chamber at the top of the condenser, a perforated enlarged drum'in the gas chamber into which the steam pipe discharges, and a pressure relief port at the top of the :gas chamber, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a steam generator, of an evaporator consistingof a casing having chambers at opposite ends, and tubular connecting passages between the chambers,a

chamber surrounding the tubes, a pipe leading from a generator into the chamber at one end of the evaporator, a pipe leading from one of the end chambers and discharging into the tube-surrounding chamber, and an exit "from said surrounding chamber,substantially as described.

6. The combination'with a steam-generator, of an aerating device, a cooling tank, an air pipe leading from the generator through the .tank and into aerator, and a pipe leading from the tank into the generator, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a steam generator, of an evaporator connected therewith having IIO separated steam and water chambers, of a pipe leading out from the steam chamber and discharging directly into the 'waterchamber, a valve in the pipe, meansin the evaporator for actuating the valve and an exit for the water chamber, substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of the kind described, the combination of a still, a super-heating chamber, a steam supply pipe leading from o the still to the super-heating chamber, a condenser having a gas chamber at the top, a connection from the super-heating chamber to the gas chamber, and a gas relief port in the gas chamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in :5

presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS ORANEY. Witnesses:

JAMES WHITTEMORE, M. B. ODOGHERTY. 

